Swelling Pressures of Graphite Oxide and Graphene Oxide Membranes in Water and Ethanol

Swelling of graphene oxide (GO) membranes and bulk graphite under confinement conditions is found to produce pressures up ?220 bar. pressure important take into account in many applications GO membranes, but it has not been previously reported. are typically measured only for materials. However, demonstrated that even µm thick develop 3–25 bar due the volume expansion caused by swelling water. A rather strong difference kinetics increase both water ethanol despite similar lattice swelling. This effect attributed slower penetration interlayers. Significantly faster saturation (few hours) as compared oxides (weeks) a higher degree compaction. an factor applications, which require confinement, encapsulation or using external limit expansion. Finally, can be used estimation suction developed pervaporation vapor permeation suggested driving force rapid across membranes.